semi-indirect lighting — Translation in Dutch

electronics and electrical engineering / natural and applied sciences / environment

electronics and electrical engineering / natural and applied sciences / environment -

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electronics and electrical engineering / natural and applied sciences -

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Vision of Future Car Interior Lighting

By Carsten Befelein, DVN-Interior Consultant, Smart Interior Workshop

Carmakers are running with lighting as a key factor for the future car interior. Today we have different functional lamps for reading and bright illumination of the car interior and its exterior surroundings, supplemented by displays and ambient lighting of the floor, cabin space, interior components, and on surfaces of textiles and smart decor trims.

Extensive interior lighting functions (BMW)

Interior lighting has a wide array of functional and ambient lighting functions as series equipment in the higher car segments, and increasingly available as extras in the lower segments.

Estimated increase of light elements in the future, before pandemic (BMW)

Before the pandemic, BMW predicted a tenfold increase in light elements in the car interior in the near future. Despite the pandemic this trend could continue because interior lighting has a high perception, acceptance, and demand by customers in all car segments. For that matter, the pandemic could wind up accelerating lighting uptake—think of cabin sanitising by UV light, for example. Interior lighting will become more and more complex and multifunctional with an increasing number of new light elements and functions in night and day design, driven by affordable and package-minimised LED technology, consumer interest and trends, and the perception of the car interior as living space.

Displays and interior lighting grow together (Daimler)

Displays and lights will carry on growing more and more reciprocally integrated in new, ever-more-seamless ways as styling elements and for dynamic and adaptive functions including ambient lighting and welcome/farewell animations. Software combines interior lighting with matching interior component functions. Comfort use cases and assistance enrich the functionalities of today. The future interior lighting follows the megatrends of increasing connectivity and digitalisation for infotainment and enhanced interaction with the environment, individualisation and personal lighting solutions, efficiency for electric vehicles and new use cases in autonomous driving vehicles.

Static indirect and contour lighting will be replaced by dynamic lighting functions for signaling, safety and communication aspects. Dynamic matrix reading lamps, zone lighting for each passenger, adaptive lighting for different seat positions and activities, light beams for hand guidance, anti-fatigue and anti-motion-sickness lighting, and individualised lighting for wellbeing, relaxing, and alertness are only some examples for future interior lighting functions.

“Experience modes” deliver orchestrations of interior lighting and functionalities matched to a variety of situations and scenarios. The functionalities are addressed to different senses to form a coherent experience. The complete interior experience can be changed with just one click or voice command. With this kind of modal adjustability, passengers can experience different moods and æsthetic orchestrations in the car interior for wellness, vitalisation, and relaxation achieved by a combination of light, climate control, massage, scents, music, and other suchlike.

Future interior lighting developments will be driven by safety, communication, comfort, and styling demands; examples include the aforementioned welcome/farewell animations, brand identification, and new lighting functions and technologies. Light projections, smart LEDs, microLEDs, smart functional surfaces, laser-based lighting, guiding materials for 3D light patterns on demand, and area backlighting with hidden-until-lit effects are some of the new lighting technologies being researched and developed for future lighting applications.

Tomorrow’s automotive interior lighting will also borrow and share reciprocally with general lighting, with its much longer history and experience in developing lighting for all imaginable use cases. Now that technology and technique exist to do so, many general lighting solutions and effects can be transferred into the car interior, especially for autonomous driving vehicles.

Examples for 3D side panel, floor, and roof lighting effects from general lighting

ISELED (Intelligent Smart Embedded LED) is an innovative technology based on highly integrated, smart LED modules enabling dynamic ambient and functional lighting solutions.

A widespread group of companies are working together as an ISELED Alliance to promote and further develop this technology. The alliance will be presented at the DVN-Interior Conference and Expo on 24 September.

What is Actinic Lighting? – iQuatics

What Is Actinic Lighting?

Source- Aquarium Lighting Guide In order to begin to understand the available spectrums of bulbs, we must first analyze how light naturally penetrates water. Red light is the first to be filtered out and can only penetrate a short distance. As light waves penetrate deeper into the water, orange and yellow are lost next. Of all the colours of the spectrum blue light penetrates the deepest. Light spectrum is measured by the Kelvin scale. Natural sunlight on a clear day registers at 5500 Kelvin degrees. Kelvin temperatures less than 5500 become more red and yellow and the higher the Kelvin temperature the more blue the light is. Photosynthetic invertebrates should be kept under lamps rated at or near the Kelvin temperature where the invertebrate was collected. Shallow water species should be kept under 10000K lamps while deep water species would prefer 20000K lighting. Longer photoperiods cannot compensate for incorrect light spectrum or intensity. Actinic lighting peaks in the 420 nanometer range and emits a fluorescent blue light and is usually used as supplemental lighting. Not only is actinic lighting beneficial to photosynthetic invertebrates, it is also aesthetically pleasing to the eye when used to supplement “daylight” lighting. Freshwater aquarium plants benefit from lighting with a Kelvin temperature in the range of 5500 – 6500 degrees. Freshwater plants prefer light with more red and yellow in the spectrum. The context with which I believe the statement that actinics are for nothing more than aesthetics is that it isn’t that important what the composition of the spectrum of the bulb is, as long as there is enough light of the appropriate wavelengths for photosynthesis to occur. So as long as you satisfy the needs of photosynthesis, beyond that it doesn’t matter what bulbs you use, actinic, day light etc. The spectrum from actinic lights are important, because of the fact it is important for photosynthesis. So on this basis saying actinic lights are for aesthetics is incorrect, it can be very important if it is the important/dominant source of light of the right spectrum for photosynthesis to occur. Whether actinics is important depends on how the tank is set up and the amount of light that the actinics contribute to the total photosynthetic available radiation. For example if you are running a 250W 6,000K MH with 40W of NO, then the NO contribution to the PAR is pretty insignificant and whether you use actinic or daylight is of no real consequence to the photosynthetic organisms in the tank. But your choice of NO will make a difference in how the tank appears to the human eye. Now what happens when you turn around and are just running NO or VHO over a tank? Half daylight and half actinic, are the actinics now there just for the look of the tank? Of course not, now it is making up a significant amount of the PAR. So to answer your question a bit more directly, yes actinic may aid photosynthesis in your freshwater tank. However, it depends on what other light sources you have available and what their spectrum range is. It also depends on what type of plants you are trying to grow. If the plants are not normally deep water plants and you have other full spectrum bulbs, or grow bulbs, on your tank it is unlikely that actinic lighting would have much effect on your tanks photosynthetic potential. If you are growing algae the actinics could be more important. Generally I associate actinics with salt water tanks and corals. The blue colour could be very pleasing in a fresh water tank though.